diff --git a/libpod/container_internal.go b/libpod/container_internal.go
index 25caeb3fd4..c14be24ebd 100644
--- a/libpod/container_internal.go
+++ b/libpod/container_internal.go
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ import (
 	"go.podman.io/podman/v6/pkg/systemd/notifyproxy"
 	"go.podman.io/podman/v6/pkg/util"
 	"go.podman.io/storage"
+	"go.podman.io/storage/pkg/archive"
 	"go.podman.io/storage/pkg/chrootarchive"
 	"go.podman.io/storage/pkg/directory"
 	"go.podman.io/storage/pkg/fileutils"
@@ -791,7 +792,10 @@ func (c *Container) export(out io.Writer) error {
 		}()
 	}
 
-	input, err := chrootarchive.Tar(mountPoint, nil, mountPoint)
+	input, err := chrootarchive.Tar(mountPoint, &archive.TarOptions{
+		UIDMaps: c.config.IDMappings.UIDMap,
+		GIDMaps: c.config.IDMappings.GIDMap,
+	}, mountPoint)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("reading container directory %q: %w", c.ID(), err)
 	}
diff --git a/test/e2e/export_test.go b/test/e2e/export_test.go
index 92b6a86336..2a6831ec6d 100644
--- a/test/e2e/export_test.go
+++ b/test/e2e/export_test.go
@@ -3,8 +3,12 @@
 package integration
 
 import (
+	"archive/tar"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 
 	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
 	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
@@ -69,4 +73,41 @@ var _ = Describe("Podman export", func() {
 		Expect(events[0]).To(ContainSubstring("export"))
 		Expect(events[0]).To(ContainSubstring(cid))
 	})
+
+	It("podman export preserves ownership with keep-id user namespaces", func() {
+		SkipIfNotRootless("rootless --userns=keep-id stores host-mapped IDs in the container filesystem")
+
+		// Mirrors the reproducer of #29856: an image with a dedicated
+		// user (UID/GID 1000), a keep-id container that is created but
+		// never started, and an export whose tar headers must show
+		// container ownership (user 1000/1000, root-owned parents).
+		imageName := "test-export-keepid-user-image"
+		containerfile := fmt.Sprintf("FROM %s\nRUN adduser -D -u 1000 user && touch /home/user/newfile && chown -R 1000:1000 /home/user\n", ALPINE)
+		podmanTest.BuildImage(containerfile, imageName, "false", "--network=none")
+
+		create := podmanTest.PodmanExitCleanly("create", "--userns=keep-id", imageName)
+		cid := strings.TrimSpace(create.OutputToString())
+
+		outfile := filepath.Join(podmanTest.TempDir, "keep-id-export.tar")
+		podmanTest.PodmanExitCleanly("export", "-o", outfile, cid)
+
+		file, err := os.Open(outfile)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		defer file.Close()
+
+		reader := tar.NewReader(file)
+		owners := map[string]string{}
+		for {
+			header, err := reader.Next()
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				break
+			}
+			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+			owners[strings.TrimSuffix(header.Name, "/")] = fmt.Sprintf("%d/%d", header.Uid, header.Gid)
+		}
+
+		Expect(owners["home"]).To(Equal("0/0"), "home/ should be owned by root in the exported tar")
+		Expect(owners["home/user"]).To(Equal("1000/1000"), "home/user should keep container ownership in the exported tar")
+		Expect(owners["home/user/newfile"]).To(Equal("1000/1000"), "files under home/user should keep container ownership in the exported tar")
+	})
 })