diff --git a/web/samples/chirality/chirality.js b/web/samples/chirality/chirality.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..377ba73b8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/samples/chirality/chirality.js
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+KeymanWeb.KR(new Keyboard_chirality());
+
+function Keyboard_chirality() {
+    this.KI = "Keyboard_chirality";
+    this.KN = "Development Chirality Test Keyboard";
+    this.KV = {
+				KMBM: 0x001F,
+        F: ' 1em "Arial"',
+        K102: 0,
+				KLS: { 'default': new Array("`", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0", "-", "=", "", "", "", "q", "w", "e", "r", "t", "y", "u", "i", "o", "p", "[", "]", "\\", "", "", "", "a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "h", "j", "k", "l", ";", "'", "", "", "", "", "", "", "z", "x", "c", "v", "b", "n", "m", ",", ".", "/", "", "", "", "", "", "")
+				}
+    };
+    this.KH = '';
+    this.KM = 0;
+    // this.s18 = "ເແໂໄໃ";
+    // this.s20 = "ະຽາ";
+    // this.s22 = "່້໊໋໌";
+    // this.s24 = "ໆຯ";
+    this.gs = function (t, e) {
+        return 0; //this.g0(t, e);
+    };
+    this.g0 = function (t, e) {
+        // var k = KeymanWeb, r = 0, m = 0;
+        // if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 48)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໘");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 49)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໑");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 50)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໒");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 51)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໓");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 52)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໔");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 55)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໕");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 56)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໖");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 57)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໗");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 87)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໐");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 96)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "0");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 97)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "1");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 98)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "2");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 99)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "3");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 100)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "4");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 101)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "5");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 102)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "6");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 103)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "7");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 104)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "8");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 105)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "9");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 106)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "*");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 107)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "+");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 109)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "-");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 110)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, ".");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16384, 111)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "/");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 187)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "€");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 189)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "໙");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 192)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "₭");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 219)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "[");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16480, 221)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "]");
+        // }
+        // if (!m && k.KIK(e)) {
+            // r = this.g1(t, e);
+        // }
+        // return r;
+    };
+    // this.g1 = function (t, e) {
+        // var k = KeymanWeb, r = 0, m = 0;
+        // if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 49)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "1");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 222)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "=");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 51)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "3");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 52)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(0, t, "4");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 53) && k.KCM(1, t, "ຳ", 1)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KO(1, t, "໌");
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 53) && k.KA(0, k.KC(1, 1, t), this.s22)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KB(t);
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 53) && k.KA(0, k.KC(1, 1, t), this.s18)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KB(t);
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 53) && k.KA(0, k.KC(1, 1, t), this.s20)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KB(t);
+        // } else if (k.KKM(e, 16400, 53) && k.KA(0, k.KC(1, 1, t), this.s24)) {
+            // r = m = 1;
+            // k.KB(t);
+        // }
+        // return r;
+    // };
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/web/samples/chirality/halfDefined.js b/web/samples/chirality/halfDefined.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9220743b39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/samples/chirality/halfDefined.js
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+KeymanWeb.KR(new Keyboard_halfDefined());
+
+function Keyboard_halfDefined() {
+    this.KI = "Keyboard_halfDefined";
+    this.KN = "Development Underspecified Keyboard";
+    this.KV = {
+				KMBM: 0x001F,
+        F: ' 1em "Arial"',
+        K102: 0,
+				KLS: { 'default': new Array("`", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0", "-", "=", "", "", "", "q", "w", "e", "r", "t", "y", "u", "i", "o", "p", "[", "]", "\\", "", "", "", "a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "h", "j", "k", "l", ";", "'", "", "", "", "", "", "", "z", "x", "c", "v", "b", "n", "m", ",", ".", "/", "", "", "", "", "", "")
+				}
+    };
+    this.KH = '';
+    this.KM = 0;
+
+    this.gs = function (t, e) {
+        return r = 0;
+    };
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/web/samples/chirality/index.html b/web/samples/chirality/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17ddb742c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/samples/chirality/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+    
+    <!-- Set the viewport width to match phone and tablet device widths -->                         
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,user-scalable=no" /> 
+
+    <!-- Allow KeymanWeb to be saved to the iPhone home screen -->
+    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
+    
+    <!-- Enable IE9 Standards mode -->
+    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> 
+      
+    <title>KeymanWeb Sample Page - Uncompiled Source</title>
+
+    <!-- Your page CSS --> 
+    <style type='text/css'>   
+      body {font-family: Tahoma,helvetica;}
+      h3 {font-size: 1em;font-weight:normal;color: darkred; margin-bottom: 4px}
+      .test {font-size: 1.5em; width:80%; min-height:30px; border: 1px solid gray;}
+      #KeymanWebControl {width:50%;min-width:600px;}       
+    </style> 
+ 
+    <!-- Insert uncompiled KeymanWeb source scripts -->              
+    <script src="../../source/kmwstring.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/kmwbase.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/keymanweb.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/kmwosk.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/kmwnative.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/kmwcallback.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/kmwkeymaps.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/kmwlayout.js" type="application/javascript"></script>
+    <script src="../../source/kmwinit.js" type="application/javascript"></script>             
+
+    <!-- 
+      For desktop browsers, a script for the user interface must be inserted here.
+       
+      Standard UIs are toggle, button, float and toolbar.  
+      The toolbar UI is best for any page designed to support keyboards for 
+      a large number of languages.
+    -->
+    <script src="../../source/kmwuitoggle.js"></script>                                                                                           
+ 
+    <!-- Initialization: set paths to keyboards, resources and fonts as required -->
+    <script>
+	// Thank you to https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22607150/getting-the-url-parameters-inside-the-html-page. 
+	var GetURLParameter = function(sParam) {
+		var sPageURL = window.location.search.substring(1);
+		var sURLVariables = sPageURL.split('&');
+		for (var i = 0; i < sURLVariables.length; i++) {
+			var sParameterName = sURLVariables[i].split('=');
+			if (sParameterName[0] == sParam) {
+				return sParameterName[1];
+			}
+		}
+	};
+	
+	var attachType = GetURLParameter("mode");
+	var attachText = attachType ? attachType : "default";
+	
+	var kmw=window.tavultesoft.keymanweb;
+	kmw.init({
+		attachType: 'auto',
+		resources:'resources'
+	});
+    </script> 
+    
+    <!-- Add keyboard management script for local selection of keyboards to use -->
+    <script src="./utilities.js"></script> 
+  
+	<script>
+
+	</script>
+  </head>
+
+<!-- Sample page HTML -->  
+  <body onload='loadKeyboards();'> 
+    <h2>KeymanWeb Sample Page - Uncompiled Source, Chirality Testing</h2>
+	<p>This page is designed to stress-test the new support for chiral modifiers and state keys.</p>
+	<p>Be sure to reference the developer console for additional feedback.  </p>
+	<hr/>
+    <div>
+    <!-- 
+      The following DIV is used to position the Button or Toolbar User Interfaces on the page.
+      If omitted, those User Interfaces will appear at the top of the document body.
+      (It is ignored by other User Interfaces.)
+    -->
+    <div id='KeymanWebControl'>
+			<h3>Type in your language in this text area:</h3>
+			<textarea id='ta1' class='test' placeholder='Type here'></textarea>
+		
+			<h3>or in this input field:</h3>
+			<input class='test' value='' placeholder='or here'/>
+		</div>                                                                                   
+  </div>
+	<hr/>
+   <h3><a href="../index.html">Return to testing home page</a></h3>
+  </body>
+  
+  <!-- 
+    *** DEVELOPER NOTE -- FIREFOX CONFIGURATION FOR TESTING ***
+    *
+    * If the URL bar starts with <b>file://</b>, Firefox may not load the font used
+    * to display the special characters used in the On-Screen Keyboard. 
+    * 
+    * To work around this Firefox bug, navigate to <b>about:config</b> 
+    * and set <b>security.fileuri.strict_origin_policy</b> to <b>false</b> 
+    * while testing. 
+    * 
+    * Firefox resolves website-based CSS URI references correctly without needing
+    * any configuration change, so this change should only be made for file-based testing.
+    *   
+    ***   
+  -->     
+</html>
diff --git a/web/samples/chirality/utilities.js b/web/samples/chirality/utilities.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76aba87025
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/samples/chirality/utilities.js
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+function loadKeyboards() 
+{ 
+	var kmw=tavultesoft.keymanweb;
+
+	// A testing keyboard handwritten with chirality information.
+	kmw.addKeyboards({id:'chirality',name:'Chirality Testing',
+	  language:{
+		id:'eng',name:'English',region:'North America'
+		},
+	  filename:'chirality.js'
+	  });   
+		
+	// A testing keyboard using 10.0 format and the KLS layout specifier
+	// without the 'shift' layer properly defined.
+	// Add a fully-specified, locally-sourced, keyboard with custom font  
+	kmw.addKeyboards({id:'halfDefined',name:'Undefined Shift Layer Keyboard',
+	  language:{
+		id:'eng',name:'English',region:'North America'
+		},
+	  filename:'halfDefined.js'
+	  });   
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/web/samples/index.html b/web/samples/index.html
index 2d5528925f..5aca0f2898 100644
--- a/web/samples/index.html
+++ b/web/samples/index.html
@@ -29,5 +29,6 @@
   <h2><a href="./issue-53.html">Uncompiled Keymanweb - test touch-based keyboards with heterogenous layer structures/row counts.</a></h2>
   <h2><a href="./keyboard-errors/uncompiled - error test.html">Uncompiled KeymanWeb - tests keyboard error-handling functionality.</a></h2>
 	<h2><a href="./attachment-api/index.html?mode=auto">Uncompiled KeymanWeb - tests the new Attachment/Enablement API functionality.</a><h2>
+	<h2><a href="./chirality/index.html">Uncompiled KeymanWeb - chirality testing.</a><h2>
   </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/web/source/kmwosk.js b/web/source/kmwosk.js
index 95b671153d..01b677925b 100644
--- a/web/source/kmwosk.js
+++ b/web/source/kmwosk.js
@@ -2682,7 +2682,7 @@ if(!window['tavultesoft']['keymanweb']['initialized']) {
 
       if(chiral) {
         layerCnt=32;
-        offset=0x00;
+        offset=0x01;
       } else {
         layerCnt=8;
         offset=0x10;
@@ -2772,6 +2772,7 @@ if(!window['tavultesoft']['keymanweb']['initialized']) {
         var layer=layers[n], kx, shiftKey=null, nextKey=null, allText='';
         var layerSpec = keyLabels[layer['id']];
         var isShift = layer['id'] == 'shift' ? 1 : 0;
+        var isDefault = layer['id'] == 'default' || isShift ? 1 : 0;
 
         rows=layer['row'];
         for(i=0; i<rows.length; i++)
@@ -2783,14 +2784,16 @@ if(!window['tavultesoft']['keymanweb']['initialized']) {
             kx=dfltCodes.indexOf(key['id']);
 
             // Only create keys for defined layers.  ('default' and 'shift' are always defined.)
-            if(layerSpec) {
+            if(layerSpec || isDefault) {
               // Get keycap text from visual keyboard array, if defined in keyboard
-              if(kx >= 0 && kx < layerSpec.length) key['text']=layerSpec[kx];
+              if(layerSpec) {
+                if(kx >= 0 && kx < layerSpec.length) key['text']=layerSpec[kx];
+              }
 
               // Fall back to US English keycap text as default for the base two layers if not otherwise defined.
               // (Any 'ghost' keys must be explicitly defined in layout for these layers.)
-              if(layer['id'] == 'default' || isShift) {
-                if(key['text'] == '' &&  key['id'] != 'K_SPACE' && kx+65 * isShift < dfltText.length) {
+              if(isDefault) {
+                if((key['text'] == '' || typeof key['text'] == 'undefined') &&  key['id'] != 'K_SPACE' && kx+65 * isShift < dfltText.length) {
                   key['text']=dfltText[kx+65*isShift];
                 }
               }